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Quercus pyrenaica in Castille and Leon - LifeRebollo+ Project

Status: Stable | Version: v1.0.0 (2026-08-28)

General description

  • Description: Individual-tree growth model variant for Quercus pyrenaica in Castille and Leon adapted with specific timber products and deadwood indices for the LifeRebollo+ project (Spain)
  • Target Species: Quercus pyrenaica (code: 43)
  • Application Region: Castille and Leon (León, Palencia, Burgos, Zamora, Valladolid, Soria, Salamanca, Ávila, and Segovia; Spain)

Technical characteristics

  • Model Level: Individual tree
  • Allows Projection: Yes
  • Projection Time Step: 10 years
  • Notes: Variant of the Castille and Leon model adapted for the LifeRebollo+ project (https://liferebollo.es/) incorporating specific timber products, climate-dependent SDI indices, and CESEFOR deadwood indices.

To view the step-by-step sequence of initialization, projection, and harvest, see the individual-tree model calculation flow diagram.

Required variables

To run this model in SIMANFOR, the initial inventory must include the following minimum data:

Plot level (Plots sheet)

  • Inventory and plot IDs
  • age
  • dominant height
  • Martonne index

Tree level (Trees sheet)

  • Inventory, plot and tree IDs
  • species
  • expansion factor
  • dbh

Sample inventories

You can download the following sample inventories in Excel format to test this model:

Modules and equations

Breakdown of simulated biological processes and their methodological references:

  • Site index / Stand productivity: Adame et al. (2006)
  • Growth: Adame et al. (2008)
  • Survival and/or mortality: Adame et al. (2010)
  • Ingrowth (trees of inventoriable size): Adame et al. (2010)
  • Height-diameter relationship / height estimation: Adame et al. (2008), Vázquez-Veloso et al. (2025)
  • Tree volume and taper: Rodríguez (2009), Rodríguez et al. (2015), MITECO (2025)
  • Biomass: Ruiz-Peinado et al. (2012)
  • Carbon content: Montero et al. (2005)
  • Non-wood forest products: Palahí et al. (2009), Bonet et al. (2008)
  • Diversity indexes: Omoro et al. (2010), Simpson (1949), Ulanowicz (2001), Bray & Curtis (1957)
  • Structural and size indexes: Varga et al. (2005), Moreno-Fernández & others (2025), Barbeito (2009)

References and documentation

  • How to Cite this Model:

SIMANFOR, 2026. Individual-tree growth model variant for Quercus pyrenaica in Castille and Leon adapted with specific timber products and deadwood indices for the LifeRebollo+ project (Spain) (v1.0.0). https://www.simanfor.es

  • SIMANFOR Citation:

Bravo, F., Ordóñez, C., Vázquez-Veloso, A., Michalakopoulos, S., 2025. SIMANFOR cloud Decision Support System: Structure, content, and applications. Ecological Modelling 499, 110912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2024.110912

  • Technical Documentation: SIMANFOR Models Repository (GitHub)

  • Model Bibliography:

  • Adame, Patricia, Hynynen, Jari, Cañellas, Isabel, Del Río, Miren (2008). Individual-tree diameter growth model for rebollo oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) coppices. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(3-4), 1011-1022. 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.10.019
  • Adame, P., Cañellas, I., Río, M. (2010). Ingrowth model for pyrenean oak stands in north-western Spain using continuous forest inventory data. European Journal of Forest Research, 129(4), 669-678. 10.1007/s10342-010-0368-1
  • Adame, P., Cañellas, I., Río, M. (2008). A mixed nonlinear height‑diameter model for pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.). Forest Ecology and Management, 256, 88-98. 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.04.006
  • Adame, P., del Río, M., Cañellas, I. (2010). Modeling individual-tree mortality in Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) stands. Annals of Forest Science, 67(8), 810.
  • Adame, P., Cañellas, I., Río, M., Roig, S. (2006). Modelling dominant height growth and site index curves for rebollo oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.). Annals of Forest Science, 63, 929-940. 10.1051/forest:2006076
  • Barbeito, I. (2009). Natural regeneration dynamics of Pinus sylvestris L. in Central Spain.
  • Bonet, J. A., Pukkala, T., Fischer, C. R., Palahí, M., de Aragón, J. M., Colinas, C. (2008). Empirical models for predicting the production of wild mushrooms in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests in the Central Pyrenees. Annals of Forest Science, 65(2), 1.
  • Bray, J. R., Curtis, J. T. (1957). An Ordination of the Upland Forest Communities of Southern Wisconsin. Ecological Monographs.
  • MITECO (2025). CUARTO INVENTARIO FORESTAL NACIONAL. Descripción de los códigos de la base de datos Sig. https://www.miteco.gob.es/content/dam/miteco/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/documentador_sig_tcm30-536622.pdf
  • Montero, G, Ruiz-Peinado, R, Muñoz (2005). Producción de biomasa y fijación de CO2 por los bosques españoles.. Monografías INIA: Serie Forestal no, 13. https://gregoriomontero.files.wordpress.com/2016/09/2005-01-monografc3ada-forestal-13-m-produccic3b3n-de-biomasa-y-fijacic3b3n-de-co2-por-los-bosques-espac3b1oles.pdf
  • Moreno-Fernández, D., others (2025). Structural diversity indices in managed forests.
  • Omoro, L. M. A., Starr, M., Pellikka, P. K. E. (2010). Tree biomass and soil carbon stocks in Taita Hills, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology.
  • Palahí, Marc, Pukkala, Timo, Bonet, José Antonio, Colinas, Carlos, Fischer, Christine R., Martínez De Aragón, Juan R. (2009). Effect of the Inclusion of Mushroom Values on the Optimal Management of Even-Aged Pine Stands of Catalonia. Forest Science, 55(6), 503-511. 10.1093/forestscience/55.6.503
  • Rodríguez, F. (2009). Cuantificación de productos forestales en la planificación forestal: Análisis de casos con cubiFOR. https://secforestales.org/publicaciones/index.php/congresos_forestales/article/view/17189/17024
  • Rodríguez, Francisco, Lizarralde, Iñigo, Bravo, Felipe (2015). Comparison of stem taper equations for eight major tree species in the Spanish Plateau. Forest Systems, 24(3), e034. 10.5424/fs/2015243-06229
  • Ruiz-Peinado, R., Montero, G., Del Rio, M. (2012). Biomass models to estimate carbon stocks for hardwood tree species. Forest Systems, 21(1), 42. 10.5424/fs/2112211-02193
  • Simpson, E. H. (1949). Measurement of Diversity. Nature, 163, 688.
  • Ulanowicz, R. E. (2001). Information theory in ecology. Computers & Chemistry.
  • Varga, P., Chen, H. Y., Klinka, K. (2005). Tree-size diversity in progression of stand development in Douglas-fir forests. Forest Ecology and Management.
  • Vázquez-Veloso, Aitor, Yang, Sheng-I, Bullock, Bronson P., Bravo, Felipe (2025). One model to rule them all: A nationwide height–diameter model for 91 Spanish forest species. Forest Ecology and Management, 595, 122981. 10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122981