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Canopy LiDAR metrics

Statistical canopy metrics derived from airborne laser scanning point clouds (height percentiles, return density distributions, dispersion, and canopy cover) for remote sensing modeling.

Plot-level variables

  • ZPCUM1 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM1

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 1st layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM2 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM2

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 2nd layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM3 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM3

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 3rd layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM4 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM4

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 4th layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM5 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM5

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 5th layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM6 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM6

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 6th layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM7 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM7

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 7th layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM8 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM8

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 8th layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZPCUM9 — decimal  •  %  •  output: ZPCUM9

    Cumulative percentage of return in the 9th layer according to Wood et al. 2008 (see metrics named d1, d2, ...).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ5 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ5

    5th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ10 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ10

    10th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ15 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ15

    15th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ20 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ20

    20th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ25 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ25

    25th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ30 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ30

    30th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ35 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ35

    35th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ40 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ40

    40th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ45 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ45

    45th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ50 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ50

    50th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ55 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ55

    55th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ60 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ60

    60th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ65 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ65

    65th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ70 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ70

    70th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ75 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ75

    75th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ80 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ80

    80th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ85 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ85

    85th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ90 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ90

    90th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZQ95 — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZQ95

    95th percentile (quantile) of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • PZABOVE2 — decimal  •  %  •  output: PZABOVE2

    Percentage of returns above 2 m.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • PZABOVEZMEAN — decimal  •  %  •  output: PZABOVEZMEAN

    Percentage of returns above mean height (zmean).

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZENTROPY — decimal  •  dimensionless  •  output: ZENTROPY

    Entropy of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZKURT — decimal  •  dimensionless  •  output: ZKURT

    Kurtosis of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZSKEW — decimal  •  dimensionless  •  output: ZSKEW

    Skewness of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZSD — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZSD

    Standard deviation of height distribution.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZMEAN — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZMEAN

    Mean height.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

  • ZMAX — decimal  •  m  •  output: ZMAX

    Maximum height.

    References:

    • Roussel (n.d.). R package "lidR": Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications. (Link)
    • Roussel et al. (2020). lidR: An R package for analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data. Remote Sensing of Environment. (DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2020.112061)

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